MedAID Health Forum (WP4: Health management and diseases and fish welfare) - Recent Topics http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/index.php/community/ MedAID Health Forum en-GB Thu, 28 Mar 2024 09:18:33 +0000 wpForo 60 Welcome to a new discussion topic http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/index.php/community/biosecurity-in-mediterranean-marine-aquaculture/welcome-to-a-new-discussion-topic/ Mon, 04 May 2020 08:12:38 +0000 Dear forum members,

Welcome to a new topic in MedAID online health forum, Biosecurity in Mediterranean marine aquaculture. We distributed an invitation far beyond the Mediterranean basin and I am quite sure that many of our new members from all parts of the globe will contribute to the discussion. We'll have a great opportunity to hear how aquaculture experts are implementing the biosecurity measures in different aquaculture facilities. Primarily, I am inviting all farmers to ask any question they want. It will be helpful for our moderators, Nadia Cherif and Alain Le Breton but also all experts are very welcome to share their knowledge, experience, tips and tricks with participant.

Hereby I am opening the topic and inviting all of you to ask, comment, share the knowledge, experience, doubts.

Wish us all a very successful and fruitful discussion

Snjezana

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Snježana Zrnčić http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/index.php/community/biosecurity-in-mediterranean-marine-aquaculture/welcome-to-a-new-discussion-topic/
Conclusion on the discussion on the diagnostics of parasitic diseases http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/index.php/community/follow-up-open-workshop-bottlenecks-in-diagnostics-of-mediterranean-fish-diseases/conclusion-on-the-discussion-on-the-diagnostics-of-parasitic-diseases/ Wed, 23 Oct 2019 09:36:09 +0000 The discussion was moderated by Oswaldo Palenzuela, Ivona Mladineo and Andrea Gustinelli

Regarding the ectoparasites, it should be assessed when it becomes a problem and when it is needed to treat the fish.

The assessment methods should be standardized across the industry.

In the case of intestinal parasites cheaper and fast and reliable methods should be applied and new methods developed for diagnostics of coccidia.

The prerequisites for successful diagnostics of all parasitic infection:

  • define tools to assess the impact of parasites
  • Increase of acknowledging on the importance of some parasites (training)
  • Lack of a targeted surveillance
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Snježana Zrnčić http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/index.php/community/follow-up-open-workshop-bottlenecks-in-diagnostics-of-mediterranean-fish-diseases/conclusion-on-the-discussion-on-the-diagnostics-of-parasitic-diseases/
Discussion on the diagnostics of diseases of unknown aetiology http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/index.php/community/follow-up-open-workshop-bottlenecks-in-diagnostics-of-mediterranean-fish-diseases/discussion-on-the-diagnostics-of-diseases-of-unknown-aetiology/ Wed, 23 Oct 2019 09:34:11 +0000 The discussion was moderated by Panos Varvarigos and Carlos Zarza

Due to the limited time the discussion was mostly focused on the Petechial Rash. Overall it was unanimously agreed that the following major points apply to marine fish Petechial Rash (and rainbow trout RMS):

  1. Petechial rash (commonly "Red Spot") is important in several countries (mainly Spain, Greece, Italy, etc) because it affects several species (bream, bass, sharp snout bream...) with a bad impact on production.
  2. Overall, we are still in the dark as regards the aetiology of the disease.
  3. Unfortunately, due to the lack of knowledge as regards the causative agent, there is no diagnostic procedure for its conformation.
  4. Diagnosis is based on clinical appearance and epizootiology and is empirical. There are no diagnostic tools to confirm the disease beyond doubt.
  5. There is a need for systematic studies including histology and electron microscopy in order to reveal and isolate the responsible pathogen. This has been done successfully for trout RMS and the methodology might be repeated for the marine species.
  6. As for RMS (intracellular pathogen), oxytetracycline proves helpful in most cases, although treatment results are inconsistent across farms. Treatments are empirical without knowledge of OTC's function
  7. Funds are needed to focus research on this disease as was done for trout RMS.
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Snježana Zrnčić http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/index.php/community/follow-up-open-workshop-bottlenecks-in-diagnostics-of-mediterranean-fish-diseases/discussion-on-the-diagnostics-of-diseases-of-unknown-aetiology/
Conclusions on the discussion about the diagnostics of tenacibaculosis and vibriosis http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/index.php/community/follow-up-open-workshop-bottlenecks-in-diagnostics-of-mediterranean-fish-diseases/conclusions-on-the-discussion-about-the-diagnostics-of-tenacibaculosis-and-vibriosis/ Wed, 23 Oct 2019 09:31:31 +0000 The discussion was moderated by Belen Fouz and Alain LeBreton

Generally, laboratory capacities for diagnostics of Vibrio infections are overall good.

For different Vibrio infection, clinical examination is similar, however, in the case of V. harveyi, neurological signs and mucous in the intestine is specific. Temperatures above 20oC clinical signs are evident.

Isolation on Marine agar and TSA supplemented with NaCl is same for all vibriosis. For V. harveyi additional samples should be taken from the brain.

Identification using phenotypic methods may lead to misidentification with V. alginolyticus.

Identification using MALDI TOF is not strong due to low database for this V. harveyi.

Specific PCR method targeting the ToxR gene is a highly specific method.

Vaccination trials are in progress with different isolates and it seems that i/p application is necessary.

 

Diagnostic of Tenacibaculum spp.

The suspicion is based on the clinical signs and stained smears of the lesions.

Diagnostics should be done by a sampling of the lesions and seeding of material to FMM or MA for cultivating bacterial colonies. The identification to the genus is possible using API while species are identified by MALDI TOF or 16S rRNA sequencing.

Some specific primers for Tenacibaculum maritimum exist with different specificity

Antimicrobial sensitivity testing is carried out on FMM agar prepared with seawater and the results could be obtained in 2 days.

Swabs should be taken into a transport medium (with gentamycin) and the identification should be performed in the laboratory

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Snježana Zrnčić http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/index.php/community/follow-up-open-workshop-bottlenecks-in-diagnostics-of-mediterranean-fish-diseases/conclusions-on-the-discussion-about-the-diagnostics-of-tenacibaculosis-and-vibriosis/
Conclusions on the discussion about Viral nervous necrosis diagnostics http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/index.php/community/follow-up-open-workshop-bottlenecks-in-diagnostics-of-mediterranean-fish-diseases/conclusions-on-the-discussion-about-viral-nervous-necrosis-diagnostics/ Wed, 23 Oct 2019 09:27:03 +0000 Discussion moderated by Anna Toffan, Valentina Panzarin& Sara Ciulli

In general, laboratory capacity is considered reliable. There is room for improvement in harmonization
Rapids test for the field diagnosis would be welcome but the few ones already available and they are probably lacking the sensitivity

Surveillance is done both on larva and broodstock, but time and frequency is variable in different countries (i.e. in Greece NNV is suspected only when the water temperature in > 26°C)
Non-lethal sampling methods for screening the broodstock are lacking.

ELISA test could be useful but need to be repeated more than once.
The vaccines are broadly used in Greece (80% of the farm are vaccinated), not used in Croatia, used sporadically in Italy. 

 A DIVA (differentiating infected from vaccinated fish) approach is missing.

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Snježana Zrnčić http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/index.php/community/follow-up-open-workshop-bottlenecks-in-diagnostics-of-mediterranean-fish-diseases/conclusions-on-the-discussion-about-viral-nervous-necrosis-diagnostics/
Tenacibaculosis in marine fish - 11 - 22 February 2019 http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/index.php/community/tenacibaculosis-in-marine-fish/tenacibaculosis-in-marine-fish-11-22-february-2019/ Mon, 11 Feb 2019 09:59:05 +0000 Dear MedAID Health Forum members,

After a pause, we are starting today with a new topic, tenacibaculosis, the disease of sea bass and sea bream indicated as one of the most serious problems in Mediterranean aquaculture. Jean-François Bernardet and Alain Le Breton will moderate this topic, but even more, they will share their knowledge and practical experience with us. I am sure that there are a lot of questions regarding the choice of proper diagnostics methods, prevention, epidemiology and treatments to be discussed. Therefore, go ahead, start with your questions but also, you are all kindly requested to share your own experience with us.

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Snježana Zrnčić http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/index.php/community/tenacibaculosis-in-marine-fish/tenacibaculosis-in-marine-fish-11-22-february-2019/